Selección de algunos de los estudios más importantes en resincronización cardiaca:

1. Linde C, Leclercq C, Rex S, Garrigue S, Lavergene T, Daubert JC, et al.on behalf of the MUltisite STimulation In Cardiomyopathics (MUSTIC) Study Group. Long-Term Benefits of Biventricular Pacing Congestive Heart Failure: Results From the MUltisite STimulation In Cardiomyopathy (MUSTIC) Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 40:1111-18

2. Brignole M, Gammage M, Puggioni E, Alboni P, Raviele A, Sutton R, on behalf of the Optímal Pacing SITE (OPSITE) Study Investigators. Comparative assessment of right, left, and biventricular pacing in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2005; 26:712-22.

3. Doshi RN, Daoud EG, Felows C, Turk K, Duran A, Hamdan MH, et al. Left ventricular-based cardiac stimulation post AV nodal ablation evaluation (the PAVE study). J Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol 2005; 11:1166-7.

4. Padeletti L, Musilli N, Porciani MC, Colella A, Di Biase L, et al. Atrial fibrillation and cardiac resynchronization therapy: the MASCOT study. Europace 2004; 5 Suppl 1:S49-54.

5. Molhoek S, Box J, Bleeker G, Boersma E, van Erven L, Steendijk P, et al. Comparison of Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Patients with Sinus Rhythm versus Chronic Atrial Fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2004; 94 : (12) :1506-9.

6. Etienne Y, Mansourati J, Touiza A, et al. Evaluation of left ventricular function and mitral regurgitation during left ventricular-based pacing in patients with heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2001, 3:441-7.

7. Gasparini M, Auricchio A., Regoli F, Et al Four-Year Efficacy of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy on Exercise Tolerance and Disease Progression The Importance of Performing Atrioventricular Junction Ablation in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation. Journal of the American College of Cardiology Volume 48, Issue 4, 15 August 2006, Pages 734-743.

8. Tolosana JM, Hernandez Madrid A, Brugada J, Quesada A, Mont L, On behalf of the SPARE Investigators (In press).

9. Malinowski K. Spontaneous conversion of permanent atrial fibrillation into stable sinus rhythm after 17 months of biventricular pacing. Pacing Clinic Etectrophysiol. 2003:26 (7 Pt 1):1554-5.

Selección de algunos de los estudios más importantes sobre marcapasos y desfibriladores:

1. Bax JJ, Abraham T, Barold SS, Breithardt OA, Fung JW, Garrigue S, et al. Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: Part 2-Issues During And After Device Implantation And Unresolved Questions. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005; 46: 2168-82.

2. Auricchio A et al. Chronic benefit as a result of pacing in congestive heart failure: Results of the PATCH-CHF Trial. J of Cardiac Failure; 1999; 5:78 ,

3. Linde C et al: Long-term benefits of biventricular pacing in congestive heart failure: Results from me Multisite Stimulation in cardiomyopathy (MUSTIC) study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 40:1111 -8.

4. Young J: Combined cardiac resynchronization and implantable cardioversion defibrillation in advanced chronic heart failure (MIRACLE). JAMA 2003; 289:2685-94

5. Bristow M et al; Cardiac-Resynchronization therapy with or wíthc ut an implantable defibrillator in advanced chronic heart failure (COMPANION). N Eng J Med 2004; 350: 2140-50.

6. Swedberg K, Cleland J, Dargie H, Rexier H, Follath F, Komajda M, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of Chronic Heart Failure(2005) The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of CHF of the European Society of Cardiology European Heart Journal doi: 10.1093/eurheartj / ehi205

7. Isnard R, Komajda M. Thromboembolism in heart failure, old ideas and new challenges. Eur J Heart Fail 2001.3:265-69.

8. Benjamin EJ, Levy D, Vaziri SM, D'Agostino RB, Belanger AJ, Wolf PA. Independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation in a population-based cohort. The Framingham Heart Study. JAMA 1994; 271:840-4

9. Maisel WH, Stevenson LW. Atrial fibrillation in heart failure; epidemiology, pathophysiology, and rationale for therapy, Am J Cardiol 2003;91 (6 A):2D-8D

10. Dries DL, Exner DV, Gersh BJ, Domanski MJ, Waclawiw MA, Stevenson LW. Atrial fibrillation is associated with an increased ratio for mortality and heart failure progression in patients with asymptomatic and symptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction: A retrospective analysis of the SOLVD trials. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998,32:695-703.

11. Pardaens K, Van Cleemput J, Vanhaeche J, Fagard RH. Atrial fibrillation Is associated with a lower exercise capacity in male chronic heart failure patients, Heart 1997:78:564-68.

12. Grogan M, Smith HC, Gersh BJ, Wood DL ; Left ventricular dysfunction due lo atrial fibrillation in patients initially believed to nave idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, Am J Cardiol 1992:99:1570-73

13. Clark DM, Plumb VJ, Epstein AE, Kay GN : Homodynamic effects of an irregular sequence of ventricular cycle lengths during atrial fibrillation, J Am Coll Cardiol 1997:30:1039-45.

14. Rodríguez LM, Smeets JL, Xie B, de Chillou C, Cheriex E, Pieters F, MetzgerJ, den Dulk K, Wellens HJ : Improvement in left ventricular function by ablation of atrioventricular nodal conduction in selected patients with lone atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 1993:72:1137-41.

15. Mounsey JP, DiMarco JP: Dofetilide. Circulation 2000:102:2665-70

16. Norgaard BL. Wachtell K, Christensen PD, Madsen B, Johansen JB, Christiansen EH, Graff O, Simonsen EH. Efficacy and safety of intravenously administered dofetilide in acute termination of atrial fibrillation and flutter; a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Trial, Danish Dofetilide in Atrial Fibrillation and Flutter Study Group, Am Heart J 1999:137:1062-9

17. Singh S, Zoble RG. Yellen L, Brodsky MA, Feíd GK, Berk M, Billing CB. Efficacy and safety of oral dofetilide in converting to and maintaining sinus rhythm in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation or flutter the Symptomatic Atrial Fibrillation Investigative Research on Dofetilide (SAFIRE-D) study. Circulation 2000:102:2385-90.

18. Greenbaum R, Campbell TJ, Channer KS, et al. Conversion of atrial fibrillation and maintenance of sinus rhythm by dofetilide: the EMERALD study. Circulation 1998:98:1-633. abstract

19. Torp-Pedersen C, Móller M. Bloch-Thomsen PE, et al. Effect of dofetilide on mortality and morbidity in congestive heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction: the DIAMOND-CHF study. N Engl J Med. 1999; 341:857-865

20. Saxonhouse SJ, Curtis AB. Risks and benefits of rate control versus maintenance of sinus rhythm. Am J Cardiol 2003;91(6A):27D-32D

21. Hohnloser SH, Kuck KH, Lilienthal J, Rhythm or rate control in atrial fibrillation-Pharmacological Intervention in Atrial Fibrillation (PIAF): a randomised trial. Lancet 2000:356:1789-94

22. Louis A, Cleland JGF, Crabbe S, Ford S, Thackray S, Houghton T, et al. Clinical trials update. Highlights of the Scientific Sessions of the American College of Cardiology, 2001. Eur J Heart Failure 2001:3:381-87

23. Wyse G, WaldoAL, DiMarcoJP, Domanski MJ, Rosenberg Y, Schron EB, et al. Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigator of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) Investigators. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2002:347:1825-33

24. Van Gelder IC, Hagens VE, Bosker HA, Kingma JH, Kamp O, Kingma T, et al. Rate Control versus Electrical Cardioversion for Persistent Atríal Fibrillation Study Group. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with recurrent persistent atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2002:347:1834-40

25. Naccarelli GV, Wolbrette DL, Khan M, Bhatta L, Hynes J, Samil S, et al. Old and new antiarrhythmic drugs for converting and maintaining sinus rhythm in atrial fibrillation: comparative efficacy and result of trials. Am J Cardiol 2003:91(6A):15D-26D

26. Sun W, Sarma JS, Singh BN. Electrophysiological effects of dronedarone (SR33589), a noniodinated benzofuran derivative, in the rabbit heart: comparison with amiodarone. Circulation 1999:100:2276-81

27. Page RL, Tilsch TW. Connolly SJ, Schnell DJ, Marcello SR. Wikinson WE, Pritchett EL; Azimilide Supraventricular Arrhythmia Program (ASAP) Investigators. Asymptomatic or "silent" atrial fibrillation: frequency in untreated patients and patients receiving azimilide, Circulation 2003:107:1141-5

28 Deedwania PC, Singh BN, Ellenbogen K, Fisher S, Fletcher R, Singh SN, for the Department of Veterans Affairs CHF-STAT Investigators.: Spontaneous conversion and maintenance of sinus rhythm by amiodarone in patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Observations from the Veterans Affairs Congestive Heart Failure Survival Trial of Antiarrhythmic Therapy (CHF-STAT). Circulation 1998; 98:2574-79

29. Frykman V, Ayers GM, Darpo B, Rosenqvist M. What characterizes episodes of atrial fibrillation requiring cardioversion? Experience from patients with an implantable atrial cardioverter. Am Heart J 2003:145:670-5

30. Naccarelli GV, Deirorfano JT, Wofbrette DL, Patel H, Luck JC. Acute cost-effective management of atrial fibrillation role of rale control, spontaneous conversion, cardioversion, and antiembolic therapy. Am J Cardiol 2000; 85:36D-45D.

31. Fuster V, Rydén LE, Asinger RW, Cannom DS, Crijns HJ, Frye RL, et al. ACC/AHA/ESC guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: executive summary. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001:38:1231-65.

32. The AF-CHF Trial Investigators. Rationale and design ofa study assessing treatment strategies of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure: The Atrial Fibrillation and Congestive Heart Failure (AF-CHF) trial Am Heart J 2002; 144:597-607.

33. Linde C, Leclercq C, Rex S, Garrigue S, Lavergene T, Daubert JC, et al.on behalf of the MUltisite STimulation In Cardiomyopathics (MUSTIC) Study Group. Long-Term Benefits of Biventricular Pacing Congestive Heart Failure: Results From the MUltisite STimulation In Cardiomyopathy (MUSTIC) Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 40:

34. Brignole M, Gammage M, Puggioni E, Alboni P, Raviele A, Sutton R, on behalf of the Optímal Pacing SITE (OPSITE) Study Investigators. Comparative assessment of right, left, and biventricular pacing in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2004 doi: 10.1093 /eurheartj/ehi069.
35. Doshi RN, Daoud EG, Felows C, Turk K, Duran A, Hamdan MH, et al. Left ventricular-based cardiac stimulation post AV nodal ablation evaluation (the PAVE study). J Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol 2005; 11:1166-7
36. Padeletti L, Musilli N, Porciani MC, Colella A, Di Biase L, Ricciardi G, et al. Atrial fibrillation and cardiac resynchronization therapy: the MASCOT study. Europace 2004; 5 Suppl 1:S49-54.

37. Abraham WT, Fisher WG, Smith AL. Delurgili DB, León AR, Loh E, et al for the MIRACLE Study Group, Cardiac resynchronizalion in chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med 2002:346:1845-1853.

38. Auricchio A, Stellbrink C, Sack S, Block M, Vogt J, Bakker P, et al. for the PATH-CHF Study Group. Long-term clinical effect of hemodynamically optimized cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with heart failure and ventricular conduction delay. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 39; 2026-2033.

39. Bradley DJ, Bradley EA, Baughman KL. Berger RD. Caikins H. Goodman SN, et al. Cardiac resynchronization and death from progressive Heart failure. A meta-analysis of randonized controlled trials. JAMA 2003,289:730-40.

40. Díaz-Infante E, Berruezo A, Mont L, Osorio P, García-Morán E, Marigiano A, et al. Predictores de ausencia de mejoría clínica a medio plazo con la terapia de resincronización cardíaca. Rev Esp Cardiol 2004; 57: 306-12.

41. Díaz-Infante E, Mont L, Leal J, Garcia-Bolao I, Fernández-Losano I, Hernández-Madrid A, et al. Predictors of Lack of Response to Resynchronization Therapy. Am J Cardiol 2005; 95: 1436-1440

42. Leclercq C, Walker S, Linde C, Clementy J, Marshall AJ, Ritter P, on behalf of the MUSTIC study Group. Comparative effects of permanent biventricular and right-univentricular pacing in heart failure patients with chronic atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2002; 23: 1780-1787.

43. Giudici MC, Thornburg GA, Buck DL, et al. Comparison of right ventricular outflow tract and apical lead permanent pacing on cardiac output. Am J Cardiol 1997,79: 209-12.

44. Cazeau S, Lecterco C, Lavergne T, et al. Effects of multisite biventricular pacing in patients with heart failure and intraventricular conduction delay, N Engl J Med 2001, 344:873-80.

45. Leon A, Greenberg J, Kanuru N, Baker C, Mera F, Smith A, et al. Cardiac Resynchronization in Patients With Congestive Heart Failure and Chronic Atrial Fibrillation (Effect of Upgrading to Biventricular Pacing After Chronic Right Ventricular Pacing). J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 39: 1779-5

46. Molhoek S, Box J, Bleeker G, Boersma E, van Erven L, Steendijk P, et al. Comparison of Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Patients with Sinus Rhythm versus Chronic Atrial Fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2004; 94:

47. Van Gelder IC, Crijns HJ, Blanksma PK, et al. Time course of homodynamic changes and improvement of exercise tolerance after cardioversion of chronic atrial fibrillation unassociated with cardiac valve disease. Am J Cardiol 1993; 72: 560-6.

48. Etienne Y, Mansourati J. Touiza A, et al. Evaluation of left ventricular function and mitral regurgitation during left ventricular-based pacing in patients with heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail
2001, 3:441-7.

49. Brignole M. Gianfranchi L, Menozzi C et al. Assessment of atrioventricular junction ablation and DDDR mode-switching pacemaker versus pharmacological treatment in patients with severely symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Circulation 1997; 96.

50. Wood MA, Brown-Mahoney C, Kay GN, et al. Clinical outcomes after ablation and pacing therapy for atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis. Circulation 2000; 101:1138-44.

51. AFFIRM Investigators. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2002; 347:1825-33

52. Malinowski K. Spontaneous conversion of permanent atrial fibrillation into stable sinus rhythm after 17 months of biventricular pacing. Pacing Clinic Etectrophysiol. 2003:26 (7 Pt 1):1554-5.